The study targeted the media in kenya consisting of the various print and broadcast outlets and the forces that influence it. This paper examines the status of broadcast media in kenya under the new information. Government, indepth interview, media, news, politicians, private officials 1. The media in kenya, particularly media owners, are both excited and resistant to the. The influence of media ownership and control on media agenda setting in nigeria international journal of humanities social sciences and education ijhsse page 38 3. Nov 01, 2018 the politics of media ownership in kenya. Media ownership and the coverage of the 20 general election in kenya. Media ownership will continue to present numerous challenges to editorial independence. Dear kenyans, this is just a reminder that a majority of the mainstream media you consume is either owned by or has owners closely affiliated to politicians. The media council act, 20 and the kenya information and communications amendment act, 20 association of media women in kenya.
Newscorp, for example, owns newspapers, magazines, book publishers, terrestrial and satellite television channels and film. The same company tends to have listed shares in the share market. Private media ownership found in the us, uk, australia, japan, philippines. Media ownership patterns the ownership of the mass media namely. Hundreds of local and regional radio and television stations comprise the u. Likely in the case of media, public authorities as well as private individuals both own the media in one or the other way. Some media companies are characterised by horizontal integration or cross media ownership this refers to the fact that global media corporations often cross media boundaries and invest in a wide range of media products. Analysis suggests that media and journalism in kenya face highly complex and changing. Free press slams fcc report on the abysmal state of broadcastownership diversity and urges action. Commercialisation, deregulation, internationalisation, media concentration, convergence and other profitoriented trends are likely to widen the gap between what. Influences of media ownership patterns on media freedom and professionalism in nigeria independence led the people to organize nationalist movements.
The concentration of media ownership is commonly regarded as one of the crucial aspects reducing media pluralism. Instituted in 20, devolution in kenya seeks to bring government closer to the people by devolving political and economic resources to kenya s fortyseven county governments. The media that exists in our country is heavily influenced by the ownership form it takes. Political media ownership in kenya 2012 executive summary the media is important as an efficient mirror of societys status, an amplifier of development initiatives, and an agenda setter. Media ownership and the coverage of the 20 general election. Methodology the study was conducted in nairobi at the headquarters of the royal media group, media max and the kenya broadcasting corporation. Trends of ownership and control of media in south africa.
May 10, 2020 kenya s number one website that delivers realtime news across the globe. Ownership patterns of mass media linkedin slideshare. Strengthening accountability through media in kenya. What are the three different systems of media ownership answers. Media ownership in kenya media ownership in kenya traces to the coming of missionaries and colonialism. Concentration of media ownership also known as media consolidation or media convergence is a process whereby progressively fewer individuals or organizations control increasing shares of the mass media.
The influence of media ownership and control on media agenda. How kenya is failing to uphold its commitment to a free press. The media we want the media vulnerabilities study report 3 contents 1. Union kanu, is the ultimate owner of the daily newspaper the kenya. Kenya broadcasting corporation, whose board and management are directly appointed by the government, the nominally private kenya television network is owned by the same company which publishes the kenya times, the daily newspaper of. Political media ownership in kenya 2012 about the author othieno nyanjom holds a doctoral degree from the university of sussex, an msc degree from bradford and a bachelors degree from nairobi.
The growth of these movements led directly to the birth of small newspapers. The top headlines covers politics, citizen journalism, culture, business, sports and entertainment. State and government owned media are under direct state or ruling party control and may therefore tend toward favouring incumbent parties or candidates. Therefore, before any media ownership laws were enacted, colonialism. The report adds that in the run up to the 2007 general elections, the kenyan media was seen as partisan because of political interference in editorial content. Ownership and control of the media sociology revision. Although the bsa allows for the licensing of private broadcasters, the licensing authority, the broadcasting.
A high concentration of the media market increases the chances to reduce the plurality of political, cultural and social points of views. The africans on the other hand, later venture into the media ownership basically to use the media as tools for putting across their demands for freedom. Yet we do not classifykenya times as state owned, because if there were a change of government the ownership would remain with kanu. We show that chinese media have little impact on students information habits, demonstrate that attitudes toward china are predominantly negative, and argue.
The politics of media ownership in kenya by odipodev dear kenyans, this is just a reminder that a majority of the mainstream media you consume is either owned by or has owners closely a. This chapter describes media ownership and concentration in south africa. Media ownership and concentration in south africa oxford. Therefore, he takes responsibility for all the policy making decisions and is also accountable for them. Instituted in 20, devolution in kenya seeks to bring government closer to the people by devolving political and economic resources to kenyas fortyseven county governments. Furthermore, under article of this act, a transfer of concession to a third party is an o. This also goes back to media ownership issues, and, according to one panelist, in kenya some media owners also have criminal interests which makes it difficult. The standard breaking news, kenya news, world news and. Some of the forces that influence the media are noted as the government, advertisers, owners, audiences and civil society groups. Censorship in kenya article 19 defending freedom of. How media ownership and advertising curb critical reporting attempts to control the media in kenya date back to at least 1929, with transmission of the first radio signal by the british east african broadcasting corporation, which served the interests of the colonial government. It provides for freedom of media as a right and fundamental freedom. It is best suited for smallscale media houses, be it newspaper or news channel. Discover the most extensive kenya newspaper and news media guide on the internet.
The impact of kenyas legal and institutional frameworks. Mar 06, 2017 company ownership pattern in this type of ownership, the company owns the media. Doc effects of media ownership, commercialization and. Kenya executive summary th e new constitution of kenya, promulgated in august 2010, is considered a major positive development in ensuring the free. Mapping structural conditions of journalism in kenya mecodem. Medijsko lastnistvo vpliv lastnistva na neodvisnost in pluralizem medijev v sloveniji in drugih postsocialistienih evropskih dr.
Through this work, bbc media action aimed to strengthen the capacity of kenyas media sector to produce governance programming that supported and mainstreamed the overall objectives of the project at both the local and national level. Section 5 synthesises the issues that arise and section 6 draws conclusions and makes recommendations for the future. The impact of kenyas legal and institutional frameworks on. Media ownership and democracy in the digital information age. Odipodev the politics of media ownership in kenya the. Kenyas number one website that delivers realtime news across the globe. Media ownership media ownership impact on media independence and pluralism in slovenia and other postsocialist european countries sandra b.
However, today kenya has a plural, sophisticated and robust mass media and communication sector that serves the various competing political, social, economic. This article uses data from seven focus groups with media and communication university students in kenya and south africa to explore the efficacy of chinesemediated public diplomacy. Examining the influence of media ownership concentration on radio programing diversity in kenya international journal of media, journalism and mass communications ijmjmc page 30 4. We examine the patterns of media ownership in 97 countries around the world. Individual ownership pattern in this kind of partnership, the individual has control. Ht media has shares in bse, nse, kk birla group has 69% stake in ht media, ht manages newspaper, radio etc. Odipodev is a data analytics and research firm operating out of nairobi. Yet, the media can be an agency of destruction, as some have alleged over kenyas 200708 post.
Media and democracy in africa mutual political bedfellows or implacable archfoes jimmy ocitti, ph. Amartya 2000 argues that no substantial famine has ever occurred in any country with a democratic form of government and a relatively free press. Published by the association of media women in kenya laws governing media practice in kenya a journalists handbook this publication is a simpli. Trump tries, tries again to defund noncommercial media. Introduction the media and communication are closely related. Odipodev the politics of media ownership in kenya the elephant.
Trends of ownership and control of media in south africa version 3. What are the three different systems of media ownership. In kenya, the ruling party, the kenyan african national union kanu, is the ultimate owner of the daily newspaper the kenya times, the countrys fourth largest daily. Journalists view the existing media policies, coupled with the. Examining the influence of media ownership concentration on. Sep 29, 2017 ownership patterns of mass media india follows socialism and has mixed economy.
Dear kenyans, this is just a reminder that a majority of the mainstream media you consume is either owned by or has owners closely affiliated to politicians odipodev is a data analytics and research firm operating out of nairobi. Dear kenyans, this is just a reminder that a majority of the mainstream. Contemporary research demonstrates increasing levels of consolidation, with many media industries already highly concentrated and dominated by a very small number of. The media we want the media vulnerabilities study report 17. Who owns media in kenya and what are the implications of this. Therefore, public as well as private sector both plays an important role in the growth of nation.
Media ownership and the coverage of the 20 general. Media ownership is sometimes seen as a simple reflection of political conditions. Free press slams fcc report on the abysmal state of broadcast ownership diversity and urges action. The current debate over media ownership limits this book presents a critical view of the current state of commercial mass media in america.
The media is also regulated by the kenya film classification board, a state corporation under the ministry of information, communication and technology ict which is mandated by the films and stage plays act cap 222 laws of kenya to regulate the creation, possession, broadcasting, exhibition and distribution of films in kenya. Who owns media in kenya and what are the implications of. The influence of media ownership and control on media. The top headlines covers politics, citizen journalism, culture, business, sports and. Their main reason was to use the media to legitimize their second place to the whites in kenya. State media ownership found in iran, north korea, peoples republic of china, belarus and middle east countries 2. Foreign ownership in media is restricted both by aippa and the broadcasting services act bsa, which applies to the broadcasting sector.
Kenyas two foremost media houses nation media group nmg and stan. There is a grain of truth in this, but it is clear that the reality is much more complex. He is a researcher and private consultant on a wide range of development issues. Individual ownership pattern in this kind of partnership, the individual has control, which allows him to take decisions for the company. The increased presence of chinese media in africa has been the focus of much debate since the early 2010s. After a quick look at the south african media scene, the chapter analyzes print media newspapers, book publishing, magazine publishing, audiovisual media radio, broadcast television, multichannel tv platforms, video channels, film, telecommunications media wireline and wireless telecom, and internet. The media we want the media vulnerabilities study report contents 1. Within the media watch program, we drew attention to the threat these issues pose to media pluralism in 2002 based on. Fellow 19981999 fellows program weatherhead center for international affairs harvard university 1737 cambridge street, cambridge, ma 028 july 1999. Media culture and environment a historical perspective 37 8. It examines the media through the lens of the public policy debates about limits on the number and type of media outlets that a single firm can own. There are a number of factors such as content distribution, profits etc. Political media ownership in kenya 2012 facilitate subsection 5, the bill bars all public servants and political of. The political ownership of media outlets can act against the requirement for a fiercely independent media especially during election times nyanjom, 2012.
Media ownership and its impact on media independence and. Media ownership preface the issues of media ownership concentration and the formulation and implementation of an effective media legislation received considerable attention in recent years. Democracy at the crossroads t his research explores the relationship between journalistic freedom and media concentration in kenya through the lens of the propaganda model baker, 2007 as well as the media ownership theory, as propounded by shoemaker and reese 1991. Ownership patterns of mass media india follows socialism and has mixed economy. They were the first to collect and record african folklore, proverbs, songs and drum beats that were used to communicate. Feb 25, 2016 the political ownership of media outlets can act against the requirement for a fiercely independent media especially during election times nyanjom, 2012. Examining the influence of media ownership concentration. Discussions tend to revolve around issues of production and content, providing little evidence on the way audiences decode media messages aimed at extending chinas soft power. Media ownership and elections ownership has an enormous bearing on the nature of a media outlets elections coverage or, for that matter, any political coverage. After a quick look at the south african media scene, the chapter analyzes print media newspapers, book publishing, magazine publishing, audiovisual media radio, broadcast television, multichannel tv platforms, video channels, film, telecommunications media wireline and wireless telecom, and internet media internet. The asians later ventured into the business of ownership of some sections of the media. Media owners with strong political affiliations tend to be politically coopted.
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